Startup costs

Seed cost is moderate, and the crop can be direct seeded or transplanted. Bed prep, irrigation, harvest knives, wash-pack supplies, and cooler space are typical startup needs. Insect protection can be worthwhile in areas with heavy brassica pest pressure.

Ongoing costs

Labor is moderate because growers must plant, weed, scout for insects, harvest at the right size, trim leaves, wash, and grade. Repeated plantings may be needed for steady supply. Storage handling is easier than for many tender greens, but appearance still matters.

Yield & how it sells

Usually sold by the piece, by the bunch with leaves, or by weight. Productivity per area is moderate to good in cool weather, with relatively efficient use of bed space. Best value comes from harvesting bulbs before they become oversized and woody.

What makes it profitable

Usually a moderate margin specialty crop. It can sell well in CSA and at farmers markets with cooking-oriented customers, but it rarely carries the sales table by itself. Local retail can work if merchandising explains how to use it.

Financial risks

Insect damage, oversized bulbs, and slow customer turnover are the main risks. If harvested late, texture declines and repeat sales suffer. Because not all shoppers know the crop, demand can be uneven.

Tips to improve returns

Harvest at a uniform, moderate size and keep the crop looking clean and fresh. Offer simple cooking or raw-use suggestions to reduce buyer hesitation. Use your local Cooperative Extension and Small Business Development Center to budget likely sales volume before expanding plantings.

General planning information, not financial or investment advice, and not a guarantee of profit. For real budgets, work with your Cooperative Extension office and local Small Business Development Center. Page updated Aug 4, 2026.