Start indoors or direct sow?

Direct sow borage because its taproot resents transplanting. Indoor starts are possible in biodegradable pots, but they should be planted young and handled gently.

When to start Borage seeds

Direct sow 1 to 2 weeks before the last spring frost, or after the last frost for easier germination in cold climates. For indoor starting, sow about 3 to 4 weeks before the last frost and transplant promptly after frost danger passes.

How to sow the seeds

For direct sowing, plant seeds 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep in loose, well-drained garden soil. If starting indoors, use one seed per 3 to 4 inch biodegradable pot filled with seed-starting mix.

Germination

Seeds usually germinate in 5 to 14 days. Keep soil lightly and consistently moist at roughly 60 to 70 F until seedlings emerge.

Seedling care

Grow seedlings in bright light and avoid overwatering, allowing the surface of the mix to dry slightly between waterings. Thin direct-sown plants to about 12 to 18 inches apart, and use clean mix, airflow, and moderate watering to prevent damping off.

Transplanting & hardening off

Direct sowing is preferred, so transplanting is normally skipped. If you start indoors, harden off for about a week and transplant very young seedlings without disturbing the biodegradable pot's root ball.

Tips

Sow where the plant can remain, since mature borage is large and awkward to move. Remove unwanted volunteer seedlings early if you do not want it to spread by self-seeding.

General seed-starting guidance for US home gardens; timing depends on your local frost dates and variety. Page updated Aug 4, 2026.