Saving Seeds
Propagation
Saving seeds lets gardeners preserve varieties they like and adapt their planting to local conditions over time. Good seed saving starts with healthy, true-to-type plants and careful handling at harvest.
How to do it
Select mature, vigorous plants with the traits you want to keep and allow seeds to fully ripen before collecting. Clean the seeds by separating them from chaff or pulp, then spread them out to dry thoroughly in a well-ventilated place. Store dry seeds in labeled containers in a cool, dark, dry location. Check saved seed before planting season and discard lots that show mold, damage, or poor quality.
Timing
Collect seeds when fruits, pods, flower heads, or seed stalks are fully mature, which often occurs late in the growing season. Dry weather is helpful for harvesting many dry-seeded crops, while fleshy fruits need processing after ripening. Plan ahead if you want to avoid unwanted cross-pollination between related plants.
Tips
Label each lot with the crop, variety, and year. Some crops are much easier to save true to type than others, especially self-pollinated plants. Dry seeds thoroughly before storage because excess moisture shortens storage life.
General guidance for US gardens. Timing depends on your local frost dates and hardiness zone. Page updated Aug 4, 2026.