Direct Sowing
Seed Starting
Direct sowing means planting seeds straight into the garden where they will grow to maturity. It works especially well for crops that dislike root disturbance or grow quickly from seed.
How to do it
Prepare a weed-free bed with loose soil and a level surface. Plant seeds at the recommended depth and spacing, then water gently so the soil settles around them. Keep the top layer of soil consistently moist until seedlings emerge. Thin young plants as needed so the remaining seedlings have enough room, light, and airflow.
Timing
Direct sow cool-season crops when the soil can be worked in spring and temperatures fit the crop. Warm-season crops should be sown after the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. In many areas, additional sowings can be made later for succession harvests or fall crops.
Tips
Mark rows clearly so you do not disturb emerging seedlings while weeding. A light mulch can help conserve moisture after seedlings are established. Avoid crusting by watering gently and not working wet soil.
General guidance for US gardens. Timing depends on your local frost dates and hardiness zone. Page updated Aug 4, 2026.