When to Harvest Broccoli
Harvest broccoli when the central head is tight, firm, and deep green, before individual flower buds begin to loosen or show yellow petals. In most US gardens, this is about 50 to 80 days after transplanting, depending on variety and weather.
Check the main head every day as it approaches harvest size. Most standard heading broccoli is ready when the head is about 4 to 8 inches across, but size varies by variety, so a compact head matters more than reaching a particular diameter.
Cut the main stem 5 to 6 inches below the head with a clean, sharp knife. Make a slanted cut so water does not sit on the cut stem, and leave the plant rooted if you want a chance at smaller side shoots.
Warm weather speeds maturity and can make buds open quickly. In a spring crop, harvest promptly during a warm spell. For fall broccoli, cool nights usually help heads stay tight longer and often improve quality.
Do not wait for a head to become larger if the buds are separating. Once yellow flowers appear, the broccoli is past its best eating stage, although the plant can still be left to flower for seed-saving purposes if it is an open-pollinated variety.
After the central head is cut, keep plants watered during dry periods and harvest side shoots when they are tight and 1 to 3 inches across. Side-shoot production can continue for several weeks in cool conditions.
Cool harvested broccoli immediately. Store unwashed heads in a perforated bag or loose plastic bag in the refrigerator, ideally near 32°F, and use them within 3 to 5 days for best quality.
Frequently asked questions
Can broccoli be harvested after it starts flowering?
Yes, but quality declines rapidly. Harvest before yellow petals open for the best texture and flavor.
Will broccoli grow back after the main head is cut?
Many varieties produce smaller side shoots after the main head is harvested, especially in cool weather.
Should I harvest broccoli in the morning?
Morning is a good time because plants are cool and well hydrated. Refrigerate the harvest soon afterward.
General guidance for US home gardens. Conditions vary by region and season; check with your local Cooperative Extension office for site-specific advice. Page updated Aug 4, 2026.